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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2022-7-3-64-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-574</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Внецеребральные проявления острой церебральной недостаточности у пациентов в критическом состоянии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extracerebral manifestations of acute cerebral insufficiency in patients in critical condition</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5549-873X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Задворнов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zadvornov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Задворнов Алексей Анатольевич, кандидат медицинских наук, врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения реанимации и интенсивной терапии новорожденных </p><p>650056, Россия, г. Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, д. 21</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Alexey A. Zadvornov, MD, PhD, anaesthesiologist and critical care physician, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit</p><p>21, Voroshilova Street, Kemerovo, 650056, Russian Federation </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8370-3083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoriev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорьев Евгений Валерьевич, доктор медицинских наук,профессор, заведующий кафедрой анестезиологии, реаниматологии, травматологии и ортопедии </p><p>650056, Россия, г. Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, д. 22а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Evgeny V. Grigoriev, MD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care Medicine, Traumatology and Orthopaedics</p><p>22а, Voroshilova Street, Kemerovo, 650056, Russian Federation </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ «Кузбасская областная детская клиническая больница им. Ю. А. Атаманова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuzbass Regional Children' Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Задворнов А.А., Григорьев Е.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Задворнов А.А., Григорьев Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zadvornov A.A., Grigoriev E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemgmu.ru/jour/article/view/574">https://fcm.kemgmu.ru/jour/article/view/574</self-uri><abstract><p>Острая церебральная недостаточность (ОЦН) – критическое состояние, обусловленное утратой организмом высшей и базовой нервной деятельности, а также нейрональной регуляции деятельности жизненно важных органов и систем. Наряду с клиническими и лабораторными проявлениями повреждения головного мозга, острая церебральная недостаточность сопровождается и проявлениями со стороны жизненно важных органов и систем организма, что способно значимо осложнить течение критического состояния. В обзоре представлены современные сведения о частоте, патофизиологии, клинической картине вторичных органных повреждений дыхательной, сердечно-сосудистой, мочевыводящей, иммунной систем, желудочно-кишечного тракта и системы гемостаза при ОЦН, а также их профилактике и терапии. Отягощать течение ОЦН может и комплекс нейрогенных эндокринных расстройств, включающих гипопитуитаризм и нарушение секреции антидиуретического гормона с тяжелыми нарушениями водно-электролитного баланса. Гнойно-септические осложнения в виде застойной пневмонии, вентрикулита и осложненных пролежней требуют проведения комплекса мер, направленных на профилактику и терапию данных осложнений. Острая церебральная недостаточность является жизнеугрожающим состоянием, сопровождающимся «нейрогенной» полиорганной недостаточностью, развитие которой отягощает течение заболевания и повышает риски неблагоприятного исхода. «Нейрогенная» органная дисфункция требует от клиницистов проведения базового мониторинга витальных параметров, комплекса мер профилактики и терапии нейрогенных осложнений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Acute cerebral insufficiency is a life-threatening condition defined by a loss of basic and higher nervous activity, as well as neuronal regulation of vital organs. Along with the signs and symptoms of brain damage, acute cerebral insufficiency is often accompanied by manifestations from other vital organs (i.e., respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urinary and immune systems as well as haemostasis), significantly complicating the disease course. Among the critical consequences following acute cerebral insufficiency are: 1) neurogenic endocrine disorders including hypopituitarism and impaired secretion of antidiuretic hormone which are notable for electrolyte imbalance; 2) healthcare-associated infections such as congestive pneumonia, ventriculitis, and pressure ulcers. In the worst-case scenario, acute cerebral insufficiency results in a multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Here we describe epidemiology, pathophysiology, signs, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of vital organs in patients with acute cerebral insufficiency.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острое церебральное повреждение</kwd><kwd>полиорганная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>критическое состояние</kwd><kwd>гипопитуитаризм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute brain injury</kwd><kwd>multiple organ dysfunction syndrome</kwd><kwd>life-threatening condition</kwd><kwd>hypopituitarism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александрович Ю.С., Пшениснов К.В. Общие рекомендации по диагностике и терапии острой церебральной недостаточности в неонатальном периоде. В кн.: Неотложная неврология новорожденных и детей раннего возраста. Санкт-Петербург: СпецЛит, 2017. 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