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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2026-11-3-134-144</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-1259</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гигиеническая оценка питания и пищевого статуса иностранных студентов: риски алиментарно-зависимых заболеваний (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygienic assessment of nutrition and nutritional status of international students: risks of alimentary dependent diseases (a literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-555X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаренкова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharenkova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захаренкова Ксения Андреевна, старший преподаватель кафедры гигиены</p><p> ул. Ворошилова, д. 22А, г. Кемерово, 650056</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia A. Zakharenkova, MD, Senior Lecturer, Department of Hygiene</p><p>Voroshilova Street, 22A, Kemerovo, 650056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zaharenkova.ka@kemsma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3565-3215</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмакова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shmakova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шмакова Мария Александровна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры микробиологии и вирусологии, проректор по молодежной, социальной политике и воспитательной деятельности</p><p> ул. Ворошилова, д. 22А, г. Кемерово, 650056</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya A. Shmakova, MD, Cand. Sci (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Microbiology and Virology, Vice-Rector for Youth, Social Policy and Educational Activities</p><p>Voroshilova Street, 22A, Kemerovo, 650056</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>134</fpage><lpage>144</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захаренкова К.А., Шмакова М.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захаренкова К.А., Шмакова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharenkova K.A., Shmakova M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemgmu.ru/jour/article/view/1259">https://fcm.kemgmu.ru/jour/article/view/1259</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность работы обусловлена сложностью адаптации студенческой молодёжи в условиях миграции и смены пищевой среды, а также недостаточной разработанностью методологических подходов к кросс-культурным исследованиям питания. Цель – систематизация современных данных о гигиенической оценке пи тания, пищевого статуса, алиментарно-зависимых рисков и нарушениях здоровья, связанных с ними, у иностранных студентов с учётом этнической специфики. Материалы и методы. Проведён поиск и анализ научных публикаций на русском и английском языках в базах данных eLIBRARY.ru, КиберЛенинка, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus и Web of Science за период 2014–2026 гг. с использованием ключевых слов, отражающих питание, пищевой статус и адаптацию иностранных студентов. Результаты. Установлено, что классические методы оценки питания (опросник частоты потребления пищи, 24-часовое воспроизведение, взвешивание) имеют ограничения при применении к разным этническим группам и нуждаются в адаптации и кросс-культурной валидации. Выявлено, что универсальные антропометрические пороги (индекс массы тела, окружность талии) не могут быть напрямую использованы для всех этносов без корректировки, тогда как показатели центрального ожирения (отношение окружности талии к окружности бёдер, отношение талии к росту) более предпочтительны, так как демонстрируют меньшую этническую зависи мость. Анализ фактического питания российских студентов-медиков выявил системные нарушения: дисбаланс макронутриентов, нерегулярный режим приёма пищи и низкую информированность об алиментарно-зависимых заболеваниях. У иностранных студентов эти проблемы усугубляются диетической аккультурацией, физиологическими изменениями и функциональным напряжением, сохраняющимся до третьего курса, что ассоциировано с повышенным риском срыва адаптации и формирования алиментарно-зависимых нарушений. Определены методологические ограничения современных исследований. Заключение. Для повышения эффективности гигиенической оценки питания иностранных студентов необходима разработка этноспецифичных опросников, создание гигиенического мониторинга с учётом структурных и психологических факторов аккультурации, а также разработка научно обо снованных программ здоровьесбережения для иностранных учащихся.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The adaptation of student youth under conditions of migration and changing food environments presents significant challenges, compounded by insufficiently developed methodological approaches to cross-cultural nutrition research. Aim. To systematize current data on the hygienic assessment of nutrition, nutritional status, alimentary-dependent risks, and associated health disorders in international students, taking into account ethnic specificity. Materials and Methods. A search and analysis of scientific publications in Russian and English was conducted in the eLIBRARY.ru, CyberLeninka, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for the period 2014–2026, using keywords reflecting nutrition, nutritional status, and adaptation of international students. Results. Classical dietary assessment methods (food frequency questionnaire, 24-hour dietary recall, weighing) were found to have limitations when applied to different ethnic groups, requiring adaptation and cross-cultural validation. Universal anthropometric cut-offs (body mass index, waist circumference) cannot be directly used for all ethnicities without adjustment, whereas central obesity indicators (waist-to-hip ratio, waist to-height ratio) are more preferable as they demonstrate less ethnic dependence. Analysis of actual nutrition among Russian medical students revealed systemic disorders: macronutrient imbalance, irregular meal patterns, and low awareness of alimentary-dependent diseases. In international students, these issues are aggravated by dietary acculturation, physiological changes, and functional tension persisting until the third year of study, which is associated with an increased risk of adaptation failure and the development of alimentary-dependent disorders. Methodological limitations of current research were identified. Conclusion. To improve the effectiveness of hygienic nutrition assessment in international students, it is necessary to develop ethno-specific questionnaires, establish hygienic monitoring that accounts for structural and psychological factors of acculturation, and design scientifically grounded health-preserving programs for international students.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>иностранные студенты</kwd><kwd>нутритивный статус</kwd><kwd>фактическое питание</kwd><kwd>диетическая аккультурация</kwd><kwd>этнические  особенности</kwd><kwd>антропометрические пороги</kwd><kwd>риски алиментарно-зависимых заболеваний</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>international students</kwd><kwd>nutritional status</kwd><kwd>actual nutrition</kwd><kwd>dietary acculturation</kwd><kwd>ethnic characteristics</kwd><kwd>anthropometric cut-offs</kwd><kwd>risks of alimentary-dependent diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тутельян В.А. 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