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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2026-11-3-114-122</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-1257</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные стратегии доконтактной профилактики как инструмент контроля эпидемии ВИЧ-инфекции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Strategies as a Tool for Control of the HIV Infection Epidemic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4402-279X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельникова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мельникова Елена Николаевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры гигиены, экологии и эпидемиологии с курсом медико-профилактического дела</p><p>ул. Одесская, д. 54, г. Тюмень, 625023</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Elena N. Melnikova, MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Hygiene, Ecology and Epidemiology with a course in medical and preventive care</p><p>Odesskaya Street, 54, Tyumen, 625023</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">meinikova-elena@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-7624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратова</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratova</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратова Светлана Евгеньевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры гигиены, экологии и эпидемиологии с курсом медико-профилактического дела</p><p>ул. Одесская, д. 54, г. Тюмень, 625023</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Svetlana E. Kondratova, MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Hygiene, Ecology and Epidemiology with a course in medical and preventive care</p><p>Odesskaya Street, 54, Tyumen, 625023</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6255-0149</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лыкасова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lykasova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лыкасова Олеся Николаевна, заместитель главного врача по медицинской части</p><p> ул. Курортная, д. 28, г. Тюмень, 625017</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya N. Lykasova, Deputy Chief Physician for Medical Affairs, Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS</p><p>Kurortnaya Street, 28, Tyumen, 625017</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Областная клиническая инфекционная больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen Regional Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>122</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мельникова Е.Н., Кондратова С.Е., Лыкасова О.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мельникова Е.Н., Кондратова С.Е., Лыкасова О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Melnikova E.N., Kondratova S.E., Lykasova O.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemgmu.ru/jour/article/view/1257">https://fcm.kemgmu.ru/jour/article/view/1257</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Несмотря на успехи в расширении доступа к антиретровирусной терапии, темпы снижения числа новых случаев ВИЧ-инфекции в мире и РФ остаются недостаточными для ликвидации эпидемии к 2030 г. Доконтактная профилактика (PrEP) признана ВОЗ ключевым компонентом комбиниро ванной профилактики. Цель. Провести аналитический обзор современных стратегий доконтактной профилактики (ДКП) ВИЧ-инфекции на основе анализа данных мета-анализов, клинических исследований и требований санитарного законода тельства Российской Федерации за 2010–2025 гг. Материалы и методы. Проведен систематический поиск литературы в базах данных PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library и eLibrary, согласно соответствующих критериям включения (актуальность, методологическая полнота). Использованы методы систематического обзора, контент-анализа и сравнительной оценки данных согласно рекомендациям PRISMA. Применены методы контент- анализа и сравнительной оценки. Результаты. Мета-анализы подтверждают высокую эффективность пероральной PrEP (тенофовир/эмтрицитабин): снижение риска инфицирования ВИЧ на 62–99 % в зависимости от приверженности (ОР 0,38; 95 % ДИ 0,26–0,56). Анализ показал высокую эффективность (до 99 %) пероральных форм PrEP при высокой приверженности. В 2025 г. ключевым трендом стало внедрение современных инъекционных препаратов ДКП (каботегравир и ленакапавир), применение которых наряду с пероральными формами существенно повышает приверженность. Основными барьерами в РФ являются стигматизация и недостаточная информированность врачей первичного звена о возможностях использования PrEP. Заключение. Интеграция ДКП в национальные программы профилактики ВИЧ требует совершенствования нормативно-правовой базы, обеспечения доступности лекарственных препаратов, подготовки медицинских кадров и информирова ния населения. Прогнозный экономический эффект от предот вращения новых случаев ВИЧ-инфекции многократно превышает затраты на профилактику. При этом ДКП не является универсальным средством: при отсутствии приверженности режиму приема препарат может оказаться неэффективным, что требует комплексного подхода к сопровождению пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite advances in expanding access to antiretroviral therapy, the rate of decline in new HIV infections globally and in the Russian Federation remains insufficient to eliminate the epidemic by 2030. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recognized by the WHO as a key component of combination prevention. Aim. To conduct an analytical review of current pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) strategies for HIV infection based on meta-analyses, clinical trials, and Russian Federation sanitary legislation requirements for the period 2010–2025. Materials and methods. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and eLibrary, according to relevant inclusion criteria (relevance and methodological completeness). A systematic review, content analysis, and comparative data assessment were used in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Content analysis and comparative assessment methods were applied. Results. Meta analyses confirm the high efficacy of oral PrEP (tenofovir/ emtricitabine): a 62–99 % reduction in the risk of HIV infection, depending on adherence (OR 0.38; 95 % CI 0.26–0.56). The analysis demonstrated high efficacy (up to 99%) of oral PrEP with high adherence. In 2025, the key trend was the introduction of modern injectable PrEP agents (cabotegravir, lenacapavir), which, alongside oral formulations, significantly improve treatment adherence and address low compliance. The main barriers in the Russian Federation are stigma and insufficient awareness among primary care physicians about the possibilities of using PrEP. Conclusion. Integrating PrEP into national HIV prevention programs requires improving the regulatory framework, ensuring drug availability, training healthcare professionals, and raising public awareness. The projected economic impact of preventing new HIV infections is many times greater than the cost of prevention. It should be noted that PrEP is not a universal preventive measure: without adherence to the dosing regimen, its efficacy may significantly decrease, requiring a comprehensive patient support approach.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>доконтактная профилактика</kwd><kwd>общественное здоровье</kwd><kwd>пролонгированные формы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>pre-exposure prophylaxis</kwd><kwd>public  health</kwd><kwd>extended-release forms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UNAIDS. 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